Every blade has a set of cutting ‘teeth’ running along it.
There are many different types of saw teeth for cutting through various materials, but most have the same basic parts:
Point
On most saws, every tooth tapers to a point, which is the part that penetrates the material first when sawing.
Gullet
The gullets are the valleys between each tooth. They perform a similar function the flutes on a drill bit.
When using a saw, waste material will gather in the gullets, and will be transported out of the cut with each stroke of the saw.
Set
On most modern saws, the teeth are ‘set’ (bent out away from the blade). You can see this if you turn the saw over and look straight down the blade.
The teeth are bent sideways so that the saw produces a cut that is wider than the thickness of the blade, in order to prevent the blade becoming stuck in the material when sawing. Saws with a wider ‘set’ (teeth splayed further out) will produce a wider cut, but will saw slower. Some saws have a wider set than others, to accommodate a thicker blade.
Shape, position and quantity
The shape, position and amount of teeth on the blade will vary depending on the type of saw.
For a saw to work properly, the teeth must perform 3 jobs:
Cut through the materials’ fibres
Break the cut fibres away from the rest of the material